None of the covariates measured, however, had an effect on the time individuals took to recover following release. BMS502 Using generalized additive models to describe changes in behaviour over time, we found handling time to be a significant predictor of activity levels, energy expenditure and swimming behaviour following release. Individuals held for the longest period (>40 min) were found to display the largest effect in behaviour immediately following release with respect to swimming behaviour and activity levels. We also found some support for relationships between activity levels, energy expenditure and swimming activity and two other covariates sex and the attachment of a bolt-on configuration satellite tags. Our results indicate that narwhals recover relatively quickly following capture, handling and tagging procedures, but we suggest that researchers should minimize handling time and further investigation is needed on how to mitigate potential effects of bolt-on satellite tags in these sensitive species.Artificial light at night (ALAN) can affect the physiology and behavior of animals because it alters the natural rhythm of light and darkness. Thyroid hormones (TH) are partially regulated by the light information of photoperiod and are involved in metabolic adjustments to daily and seasonal changes in the environment, such as larval and juvenile development, somatic growth and reproduction. ALAN can change photoperiodic information and might thereby lead to changes in thyroid metabolism, but so far research on this topic is scarce. Therefore, we tested in two different experiments the effects of nocturnal illumination at a wide range of light intensities on TH in plasma of Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis). Total 3,3′,5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) was significantly affected by ALAN and reduced at the highest tested intensity of 100 lx after only two weeks of exposure. Although total L-thyroxine (T4) was not significantly affected, the ratio of T3 to T4 tended to slightly decrease at 100 lx. In a second low-light experiment ALAN did not have clear effects on T3, T4 or the ratio of T3 to T4 at intensities between 0.01 lx and 1 lx. The results show first signs of endocrine disruption in thyroid metabolism after a relatively short ALAN exposure of two weeks under high-intensity streetlight conditions. Misbalanced thyroidal status can have serious implications for metabolic rates as well as developmental and reproductive processes.Arctic seals, including spotted (Phoca largha), ringed (Pusa hispida) and bearded (Erignathus barbatus) seals, are directly affected by sea ice loss. These species use sea ice as a haul-out substrate for various critical functions, including their annual molt. Continued environmental warming will inevitably alter the routine behavior and overall energy budgets of Arctic seals, but it is difficult to quantify these impacts as their metabolic requirements are not well known-due in part to the difficulty of studying wild individuals. Thus, data pertaining to species-specific energy demands are urgently needed to better understand the physiological consequences of rapid environmental change. We used open-flow respirometry over a four-year period to track fine-scale, longitudinal changes in the resting metabolic rate (RMR) of four spotted seals, three ringed seals and one bearded seal trained to participate in research. Simultaneously, we collected complementary physiological and environmental data. Species-specifantitative data that can be used to assess species-specific vulnerabilities to changing conditions.Introduction and Importance Ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) is the most common procedure performed on children with hydrocephalus. Migration of VPS outside the peritoneal cavity is rare, especially fallopian tube migration with vaginal extrusion without organ perforation. Presentation of Case A 3-year-old girl came to the hospital with the main complaint of having a white tube exposed from her vagina 4 days before admission. A history of frequent clear watery discharge from the vagina since one week before the admission alongside intermittent pain in the suprapubic area was obtained from the parents. A laparotomy was conducted on the patient. We found the distal shunt catheter had adhered to the omentum and it appeared that the catheter tube entered the right fallopian tube before it went into the uterus and out to the vagina. We replaced the distal catheter with a new one. The patient came home on the fourth day of the post-surgery in a good condition. Clinical Discussion The etiology of distal shunt catheter migration into the vagina remains unclear. Our patient is the third documented case of fallopian tube migration with vaginal extrusion without organ perforation, suspected due to postsurgical adhesions to the fallopian tube. An evaluation of vaginal discharge associated with abdominal pain is an important clue for distal migration of the VPS to the vagina. Conclusion The migration of catheter to the vagina should be considered of profuse watery discharge from vagina alongside intermittent abdominal colicky pain. The surgical goal is to re-establish a new VP shunt system.

The sub-acute form of transverse colon volvulus manifests with signs and symptoms of large bowel obstruction. The diagnosis is most often done intraoperatively. We report a rare case of transverse colon volvulus in a 65-year-old female patient with no particular pathological or surgical history.

Sub-acute transverse colon volvulus in an elderly woman with no pathological or surgical history. Manifested with signs and symptoms of colonic obstruction. Surgically treated by a two-stage procedure with good postoperative outcomes.

The transverse colon volvulus represents only 2-4% of all colonic volvulus. We discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of our case of transverse colon volvulus through a literature review.

Transverse colon volvulus should be considered as a differential diagnosis in the face of large bowel obstruction. Early diagnosis and treatment improve the prognosis.

Transverse colon volvulus should be considered as a differential diagnosis in the face of large bowel obstruction. Early diagnosis and treatment improve the prognosis.