Conclusion Although renal fungal infections are rare, a strong suspicion and timely definitive management of such entities in patients with radiolucent renal calculus can prevent devastating invasive disease.Solitary renal unit with ectopic ureter with bladder agenesis is a rare congenital anomaly. Urinary incontinence in such cases is dealt with various continent and noncontinent procedures. We report a case of 20-year-old female patient who presented with continuous leakage of urine. Examination and investigations revealed an absence of right kidney, bladder agenesis, ectopic ureter opening into the vestibule, and multiple bony abnormalities. She was managed effectively by laparoscopic Mainz II with serous lined extramural ureteral reimplantation technique.Background Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) has become the preferred treatment option for selected renal stones less then 20 mm. However, laser fragmentation of stones often results in residual small fragments that may prompt subsequent stone events. We describe a simple technique to facilitate removal of these fragments. Case Presentation A 68-year-old woman underwent elective RIRS for a 13 mm right renal pelvic stone. After laser fragmentation of the stone there were numerous less then 2 mm fragments too small to allow removal by a standard retrieval basket (i.e., NCircle® and NCompass® Nitinol Stone Extractors, Cook Medical, Bloomington, IN). A smaller ureteral access sheath (UAS) was advanced into the kidney within the preexisting larger UAS and, using a connecting piece from a Foley catheter, stone fragments were suctioned out through the smaller sheath. Stone-free status was corroborated endoscopically and with postoperative CT. Conclusion Stone fragments were flushed from the kidney using a simple irrigation technique through a coaxial UAS.Background Adult renal tumors vary from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) to upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC). Tumor characteristics such as renal vein and inferior vena cava tumor thrombus are usually seen with RCC, but tumor thrombus into pelvicaliceal system (PCS) is a rare entity in RCC. At present only 11 cases have been reported in the literature. Case Presentation We report an unusual case of papillary type 1 RCC in a young Muslim man mimicking as UTUC radiologically and found to have free tumor thrombus in PCS. At follow-up of 6 months after right nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision, he is doing well clinically and radiologically without any recurrence. Conclusion RCC with tumor thrombus into PCS is an uncommon entity. It can give similar appearance as an urothelial cancer of the pelvis on radiologic imaging. Pelvic tumor thrombus is now considered as a factor of poor prognostic importance and rarely encountered with pure papillary type of RCC.Background Injuries to the ureter resulting from external trauma are uncommon. This type of injury is associated with a high mortality rate because of the involvement of concomitant multiorgan damage. Wound management depends primarily on the location and severity of the injury. In this study we present an example of Allium™ stent usage in a management of a rare type of injury with positive results. Case Presentation The case involves a Caucasian man, 46 years of age, the victim of multiple gunshot injury. One bullet struck the abdomen and caused a multiple organ injury. The first surgery revealed a perforation of the duodenum and two perforations of the small bowel. On the second surgery, urea and creatinine were found in the excretion of abdominal drains. A CT scan identified an incomplete tear of the proximal part of the right ureter. The lesion was temporarily managed by insertion of a percutaneous nephrostomy. We decided to use an Allium stent for definitive delayed repair, because it should be ideal for long-term ureteral stenting and easy to remove. Conclusion Because of the serious injuries and associated complications the patient had undergone three laparotomies and other surgical procedures. With the use of minimally invasive procedures we succeeded to repair the tear of the ureter. We demonstrate that the use of Allium stent is appropriate and safe in the management of ureteral injuries that result from penetrating trauma. The case also underlines the importance of careful examination for potential ureteral injuries after perforating external trauma.Background Primary malignant melanoma (PMM) of the urinary tract is a rare entity, with only 28 cases reported in the literature. We present an interesting case of a 27-year-old Caucasian woman, with family history of melanoma, who initially presented with gross hematuria, and was subsequently found to have PMM of the bladder. Case Presentation Initially diagnosis was made through transurethral resection of the bladder tumor with clinical suspicion of residual disease in the patient. Subsequently, she underwent robotic partial cystectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection followed by 1 year of pembrolizumab, a PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor. Subsequent imaging demonstrated no evidence of metastatic disease or local recurrence. Conclusion This case report presents a unique management of a rare pathological diagnosis with the use of robotic partial cystectomy, and a PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor therapy that ultimately has led to a 2-year recurrence-free survival period for this young patient.Background Endometriosis is the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. Involvement of the urinary tract is uncommon; however, ureteral endometriosis (UE) is even more unusual. Most patients are clinically asymptomatic, which may lead to silent renal loss secondary to obstructive urinary tract endometriosis. Brr2 Inhibitor C9 supplier Only a few cases of intrinsic UE treated by endoscopic excision have been reported. Case Presentation We report a case of a 40-year-old woman with chronic right flank pain, with a right distal ureteral obstructive lesion. Ureteroscopy identified a lesion and ureteroscopic resection was performed. Histologic analysis revealed intrinsic UE. Conclusion Ureteroscopic excision of intrinsic UE is a feasible option for treatment as we have shown in this case.